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Brain Teaser Example - How many street lamps are there in Manhattan?

By: Andrea Rice Super Mentor (3346 points)
Updated: 12/15/2009
Rating: (1)
Tags: BCG,  management consulting,  interview riddles,  case interviews,  McKinsey,  Bain,  Booz
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How many street lamps are there in Manhattan?
 
If you get asked a question like this in an interview, remember that they are NOT looking for the RIGHT answer. You will be evaluated on the approach you use to solve the problem. A strong candidate demonstrates the following:
  1. Manages the scope of the problem
  2. Communicates assumptions
  3. Demonstrates quantitative analytical skills (estimates, back of the envelope calculations)
  4. Answers the question that has been asked. You’d be surprised how many candidates get lost in the analysis and solve for a different question than what was asked.

Weak Answer

Let’s assume Manhattan is 100 blocks long and there are 10 street lights on every block. The answer would be 100 times 10, or 1000.
 

Strong Answer

Let’s assume Manhattan is 100 blocks long and 10 blocks wide, so there are 1000 square blocks in the city. If in each square block there are 5 lamps on each side of the street, 20 total in each square block, then the total number of street lamps would be 20 lamps for each square block times 1000 square blocks, or 20,000 street lamps.

 

Commentary

This is a very straightforward question and variations of this are common (how many cups of Starbucks coffee are consumed in a given day in the U.S.? How many red cars might you find in the city of Los Angeles?). The interviewer wants to see if you can quickly and easily identify the key assumptions or variables and do some fairly simple math on the fly.
 
In the weak answer, the candidate makes a few assumptions and explains his/her calculation, but has mistakenly narrowed the scope too much, forgetting that there are streets which intersect the 100 blocks. As a result, the interviewee is significantly underestimating the likely number of street lamps.

 

In the strong answer, the interviewee makes assumptions, recognizing the length and width of Manhattan. He uses numbers that are reasonable and that simplify the math, and talks the interviewer through the calculations. If any assumptions are off, the interviewer can easily make corrections.

For the purposes of this advice, I've provided a relatively simple riddle. Typically they are more complex. It's important to ask clarifying questions and talk the interviewer through the assumptions you are making so that they can give you additional information as needed.
 
 
See more examples of brain teasers:
Estimate the market demand in gallons for skim milk in the U.S. in a given year 
Crossing the Bridge 
 
 
Some major tech companies such as Microsoft and Google routinely incorporate riddles or logic questions into their interviews, but these typically have correct answers they expect you to derive. If you love riddles, want to practice more of the quantitative riddles you might get in a tech interview, check out wu : riddles , a forum maintained by a Stanford PhD.
 
 
 

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Comments (3)

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john sinclair  |  Contributor (5 points)55 days ago

I think both answers are poor. The "weak" one answers the question, "How many lamps are there in a city street 100 blocks long?" Obviously that was not the ques more...
I think both answers are poor. The "weak" one answers the question, "How many lamps are there in a city street 100 blocks long?" Obviously that was not the question asked and is wrong, but how correct is the "strong" one? During the answer, the interviewee jumps from assuming 10 lamps per street to 10 lamps per city block (!). In reality, there are four streets to a city block, one on each side, thus creating a huge error! In addition, no account is made for those interior streets, the vast majority of the grid, that are shared by adjacent city blocks. So multiplying by 10,000 by 4 to solve the first error and then dividing by 2 to account for the second would give you the low estimate 20,000 lamps, although 2,000 or so needs to be added to this figure to obtain the true number. I my mind, the errors in the strong answer are as egregious as the over-simplification in the weak answer. ...less

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Alain Kagarama  |  Coach (340 points)55 days ago

Thanks for sharing. Recently, during an interview I was asked to estimate the number of Interstate highways in St. Louis City; My answer was straightforward, bu more...
Thanks for sharing. Recently, during an interview I was asked to estimate the number of Interstate highways in St. Louis City; My answer was straightforward, but I could just realise after that it was a poor response. ...less

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gee p  |  Contributor (10 points)79 days ago

there are some visible code comments on this page. ( see below)

Strong Answer

Let’s assume Manhattan more...
there are some visible code comments on this page. ( see below)

Strong Answer

Let’s assume Manhattan is 100 blocks long and 10 blocks wide, so there are 1000 square blocks in the city. If in each square block there are 5 lamps on each side of the street, 10 total, then the total number of street lamps would be 10 lamps for each square block times 1000 square blocks, or 10,000 street lamps.



Commentary

This is a very straightforward question and variations of this are common (how many cups of Starbucks coffee are consumed in a given day in the U.S.? How many red cars might you find in the city of Los Angeles?). The interviewer wants to see if you can quickly and easily identify the key assumptions or variables and do some fairly simple math on the fly.

In the weak answer, the candidate makes a few assumptions and explains his/her calculation, but has mistakenly narrowed the scope too much, forgetting that there are streets which intersect the 100 blocks. As a result, the interviewee is significantly underestimating the likely number of street lamps.


 ...less

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